How are the votes counted?

The votes are counted dynamically based on current balance. They get finalised (or frozen) at the snapshot block.

Here's an example:

At the time you vote you hold 400 ADX-LOYALTY tokens. Before the end of the vote you spend 200 out of the 400 ADX-LOYALTY tokens - the votes will update to count your vote as 200 rather than the original 400 you voted with.

Similarly, if you incur more ADX-LOYALTY then the weight of your vote grows near real time.

Keep in mind that for your vote to count, you have to keep your ADX staked until the snapshot block of the given proposal.